Prevalencia de infección por strongyloides en gestantes en la amazonía peruana
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Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
La estrongiloidiasis es una parasitosis cuya importancia médica radica en
la capacidad de producir una infestación fulminante en personas con
alguna inmunosupresión y que se relaciona a pobreza y que en gestantes
podría ser un factor de riesgo para morbimortalidad materno perinatal. El
estándar de oro para el diagnóstico es el cultivo en agar en placa con
carbón activado, pero también tenemos alternativas como la Técnica de
Baermann Modificado en Copa además que también se puede utilizar
serología.
Estudios sobre prevalencia general hay múltiples con resultados muy
variados según la región geográfica y la técnica utilizada, pero en cuanto
a población gestante sólo se encontró dos estudios con prevalencia de 1.6
y 3.3%.
Para esto se realizará un estudio epidemiológico de tipo descriptivo y
observacional, cuyo objetivo será determinar la prevalencia de infección
por Strongyloides en gestantes de la amazonia; para lo cual se plantea la
hipótesis de que la prevalencia es mayor del 5%. Para esto se seleccionará
una muestra de 292 gestante mayores de 17 años de los establecimientos
de salud I-3 y I-4 de la provincia de Maynas.
Se realizará la visita domiciliaria donde se llenará la ficha de recolección
de datos además de una muestra de sangre y de heces. Las muestras de
heces se analizarán con la técnica de Baermann Modificado en Copa antes
de las 2 horas de recolectada la muestra además del cultivo en placa Agar
con carbón y se determinara la serología para estrongiloides. Los análisis
estadísticos de los datos se realizarán utilizando GraphPad Software Prism
5.0 y programa SPSS 22 y se encontrará la prevalencia de estrongiloides
en gestantes.
Strongyloidiasis is a parasitosis whose medical importance lies in the ability to produce a fulminant infestation in people with some immunosuppression and that is related to poverty and that in pregnant women could be a risk factor for maternal perinatal morbidity and mortality. The gold standard for diagnosis is the agar plate culture with activated charcoal, but we also have alternatives such as the Modified Baermann Cup Technique in addition to which serology can also be used. There are multiple studies on general prevalence with highly varied results depending on the geographic region and the technique used, but in terms of the pregnant population, only two studies were found with a prevalence of 1.6 and 3.3%. For this, an epidemiological study of a descriptive and observational type will be carried out, the objective of which will be to determine the prevalence of infection by Strongyloides in pregnant women in the Amazon; for which the hypothesis is proposed that the prevalence is greater than 5%. For this, a sample of 292 pregnant women over 17 years of age from health facilities I-3 and I-4 in the province of Maynas will be selected. The home visit will be made where the data collection form will be filled in as well as a blood and stool sample. Stool samples will be analyzed with the Modified Baermann Cup technique within 2 hours of collecting the sample in addition to culture on a charcoal agar plate and the serology for strongyloids will be determined. The statistical analyzes of the data will be carried out using GraphPad Software Prism 5.0 and the SPSS 22 program and the prevalence of strongyloids in pregnant women will be found.
Strongyloidiasis is a parasitosis whose medical importance lies in the ability to produce a fulminant infestation in people with some immunosuppression and that is related to poverty and that in pregnant women could be a risk factor for maternal perinatal morbidity and mortality. The gold standard for diagnosis is the agar plate culture with activated charcoal, but we also have alternatives such as the Modified Baermann Cup Technique in addition to which serology can also be used. There are multiple studies on general prevalence with highly varied results depending on the geographic region and the technique used, but in terms of the pregnant population, only two studies were found with a prevalence of 1.6 and 3.3%. For this, an epidemiological study of a descriptive and observational type will be carried out, the objective of which will be to determine the prevalence of infection by Strongyloides in pregnant women in the Amazon; for which the hypothesis is proposed that the prevalence is greater than 5%. For this, a sample of 292 pregnant women over 17 years of age from health facilities I-3 and I-4 in the province of Maynas will be selected. The home visit will be made where the data collection form will be filled in as well as a blood and stool sample. Stool samples will be analyzed with the Modified Baermann Cup technique within 2 hours of collecting the sample in addition to culture on a charcoal agar plate and the serology for strongyloids will be determined. The statistical analyzes of the data will be carried out using GraphPad Software Prism 5.0 and the SPSS 22 program and the prevalence of strongyloids in pregnant women will be found.
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Strongyloides, Infección, Prevalencia, Embarazo
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