Estudio de la evolución del Producto Bruto Interno (Pbi) de la región Loreto por actividad económica, periodo 2012 - 2016
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Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
El Producto Bruto Interno (PBI) de la región Loreto según actividad económica,
se muestra determinado por actividades extractivas y aprovechamiento de los
recursos naturales, siendo la actividad petrolera y la maderera, las de singular
importancia. En ese sentido, la actividad “Comercio” se ubica en primer orden en
cuando a importancia se refiere. El objetivo de la presente investigación es
estudiar la evolución del Producto Bruto Interno (PBI) de la región Loreto por
actividad económica, en el periodo 2012 - 2016. Para ello, se llevó a cabo la
presente investigación de tipo Descriptivo y de diseño No Experimental,
analizando el comportamiento del Producto Bruto Interno (PBI) según actividad
económica, la misma que muestra un comportamiento variable durante la serie en
estudio, comenzando el año 2012 con un valor de S/. 10,018,775,518.86; para
alcanzar su punto máximo el año 2014 con S/. 10,122,783,000.00. El año 2015
tuvo una contracción del -9.35% al haber descendido a S/. 9,176,104,000.00; para
luego recuperarse levemente el 2016 con S/. 9,209,805,000.00. La actividad que
más contribuyó al PBI fue “Comercio” con el 17.61% del total, y “Extracción de
Petróleo, Gas y Minerales” con el 16.60%, actividades que muestran una gran
concentración y vulnerabilidad frente a las crisis que les podrían afectar, tal como
sucedió con el sector Hidrocarburos y Madera a partir del año 2014. La
producción de petróleo crudo alcanzó su máximo valor el año 2014 con
10,172,000.00 barriles, para luego decaer en los siguientes años hasta cerrar el
2016 con 2,181,000.00 barriles. El lote petrolero de mayor producción de
petróleo crudo es el Lote 1-AB (hoy Lote 192) con 19,655,000.00 barriles,
equivalente al 52.34% de la producción de Loreto. La producción de este Lote
representa el 25% de la cifra nacional. En ese mismo sentido, el Lote 8 tuvo una
producción de 14,923,000.00 cifra que significó el 39.74%. La producción de
petróleo crudo se vio afectada desde el año 2014 por la caída del precio
internacional del petróleo, y por factores de inestabilidad jurídica y política al
revocar el Estado peruano, de manera unilateral, la concesión que tenía un
inversionista extranjero sobre el Lote 1-AB (hoy Lote 192), y encargando a
Petroperú la operatividad del mismo.
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the Loreto region according to economic activity, is determined by extractive activities and use of natural resources, being the oil and wood activities, those of singular importance. In that sense, the activity "Commerce" is located in first order when importance is concerned. The objective of this research is to study the evolution of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the Loreto region by economic activity, in the period 2012-2016. For this purpose, the present investigation was carried out of a descriptive and nonexperimental design, analyzing the behavior of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) according to economic activity, which shows a variable behavior during the series under study, beginning in 2012 with a value of S /. 10,018,775,518.86; to reach its peak in 2014 with S /. 10,122,783,000.00. The year 2015 had a contraction of -9.35% having fallen to S /. 9,176,104,000.00; to then recover slightly in 2016 with S /. 9,209,805,000.00. The activity that contributed the most to the GDP was "Comercio" with 17.61% of the total, and "Extraction of Oil, Gas and Minerals" with 16.60%, activities that show a high concentration and vulnerability in the face of the crises that could affect them, as it happened with the Hydrocarbons and Wood sector from 2014. The production of crude oil reached its maximum value in 2014 with 10,172,000.00 barrels, and then declined in the following years until closing 2016 with 2,181,000.00 barrels. The oil lot with the highest production of crude oil is Lot 1-AB (now Lot 192) with 19,655,000.00 barrels, equivalent to 52.34% of Loreto's production. The production of this Lot represents 25% of the national figure. In that same sense, Lot 8 had a production of 14,923,000.00, which represented 39.74%. The production of crude oil was affected since 2014 by the fall in the international price of oil, and by factors of legal and political instability by revoking the Peruvian State, unilaterally, the concession that a foreign investor had over Lot 1 - AB (now Lot 192), and commissioning Petroperú for its operation.
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the Loreto region according to economic activity, is determined by extractive activities and use of natural resources, being the oil and wood activities, those of singular importance. In that sense, the activity "Commerce" is located in first order when importance is concerned. The objective of this research is to study the evolution of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the Loreto region by economic activity, in the period 2012-2016. For this purpose, the present investigation was carried out of a descriptive and nonexperimental design, analyzing the behavior of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) according to economic activity, which shows a variable behavior during the series under study, beginning in 2012 with a value of S /. 10,018,775,518.86; to reach its peak in 2014 with S /. 10,122,783,000.00. The year 2015 had a contraction of -9.35% having fallen to S /. 9,176,104,000.00; to then recover slightly in 2016 with S /. 9,209,805,000.00. The activity that contributed the most to the GDP was "Comercio" with 17.61% of the total, and "Extraction of Oil, Gas and Minerals" with 16.60%, activities that show a high concentration and vulnerability in the face of the crises that could affect them, as it happened with the Hydrocarbons and Wood sector from 2014. The production of crude oil reached its maximum value in 2014 with 10,172,000.00 barrels, and then declined in the following years until closing 2016 with 2,181,000.00 barrels. The oil lot with the highest production of crude oil is Lot 1-AB (now Lot 192) with 19,655,000.00 barrels, equivalent to 52.34% of Loreto's production. The production of this Lot represents 25% of the national figure. In that same sense, Lot 8 had a production of 14,923,000.00, which represented 39.74%. The production of crude oil was affected since 2014 by the fall in the international price of oil, and by factors of legal and political instability by revoking the Peruvian State, unilaterally, the concession that a foreign investor had over Lot 1 - AB (now Lot 192), and commissioning Petroperú for its operation.
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Keywords
Producto interior bruto, Evolución, Gobierno regional
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