Anemia ferropénica y estado nutricional en niños de pre - escolar de la I.E.I N° 333. Comunidad Indígena Ticuna de Cushillo Cocha, 2019
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Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
Esta investigación evidencia información sobre el estado nutricional y la
presencia de anemia ferropénica en los niñas y niños en edad preescolar de
la I.E.I N°333 Comunidad Indígena Ticuna de Cushillo Cocha, Loreto-Perú, el
año 2019. Aporta datos al estado de las investigaciones de la anemia en niños
del trapecio amazónico, ya que esta comunidad se encuentra ubicada a pocas
horas de la triple frontera de Perú, Colombia y Brasil. La metodología fue de
tipo experimental de enfoque cuantitativo, correlacional de corte transversal,
descriptivo. La muestra fue 103. Se empleó muestreo no probabilístico por
conveniencia. Principales resultados encontrados: Sexo masculino 28.2%
presentaron anemia leve, 4,3% nivel de hemoglobina moderada y 67,4% nivel
de hemoglobina normal; sexo femenino 28,1% presentaron anemia leve, 5,2%
anemia moderada y 66,7% niveles de hemoglobina normal. El 11.7% presentó
desnutrición aguda, 5.8% sobrepeso y obesidad y el 82.5% peso para la talla
fue normal. Según el indicador de Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), el 21.3%
presentó delgadez, 1.0%. sobrepeso y obesidad y el 77.7% peso normal.
Existe evidencia estadística significativa para afirmar que existe correlación
entre estado nutricional y anemia ferropénica; Relación peso para la talla y
anemia ferropénica (P=0,034, P-<0,05); Relación talla para la edad y anemia
ferropénica (P=0,032, P-<0,05); Relación de índice de masa corporal y anemia
ferropénica (P=0,005, p-<0,05).
This research provides information about of the nutritional status and the iron deficiency anemia in preschool age girls and boys from I.E.I N°333 Indigeny Community Ticuna Cushillo Cocha, in 2019. It provides data to the status of investigations of anemia in children of the Amazonian trapezium, since this community is located a few hours from the triple border of Perú, Colombia and Brazil. The methodology was of an experimental type with a quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional, descriptive aproach. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used and the sample was 103. Main results found: Male sex 28.2% had mild anemia, 4.3% moderate hemoglobin level and 67.4% normal hemoglobin level; 28.1% female presented mild anemia, 5.2% moderate anemia, and 66.7% normal hemoglobin levels. 11.7% presented acute malnutrition, 5.8% overweight and obesity and 82.5% weight for height was normal. According to the Body Mass Index (BMI) indicator, 21.3% presented thinness, 1.0% owerweight an obesity and 77.7% normal weight. There is significant statistical evidence to affirm that there is a correlation between nutritional status and iron deficiency anemia; weight for height and iron deficiency anemia (P = 0.034, P- <0.05); Height for age relationship and iron deficiency anemia (P = 0.032, P- <0.05); Relationship of body mass index and iron deficiency anemia (P = 0.005, p- <0.05).
This research provides information about of the nutritional status and the iron deficiency anemia in preschool age girls and boys from I.E.I N°333 Indigeny Community Ticuna Cushillo Cocha, in 2019. It provides data to the status of investigations of anemia in children of the Amazonian trapezium, since this community is located a few hours from the triple border of Perú, Colombia and Brazil. The methodology was of an experimental type with a quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional, descriptive aproach. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used and the sample was 103. Main results found: Male sex 28.2% had mild anemia, 4.3% moderate hemoglobin level and 67.4% normal hemoglobin level; 28.1% female presented mild anemia, 5.2% moderate anemia, and 66.7% normal hemoglobin levels. 11.7% presented acute malnutrition, 5.8% overweight and obesity and 82.5% weight for height was normal. According to the Body Mass Index (BMI) indicator, 21.3% presented thinness, 1.0% owerweight an obesity and 77.7% normal weight. There is significant statistical evidence to affirm that there is a correlation between nutritional status and iron deficiency anemia; weight for height and iron deficiency anemia (P = 0.034, P- <0.05); Height for age relationship and iron deficiency anemia (P = 0.032, P- <0.05); Relationship of body mass index and iron deficiency anemia (P = 0.005, p- <0.05).
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Estado nutricional, Anemia ferropénica, Niños de preescolar, Poblaciones indígenas
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