Distanciamientos de siembra y su relación con las características agronómicas y rendimiento de Momordica charantia L. “balsamina”, en Zungarococha, Loreto.2019
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Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
El trabajo de investigación se desarrolló en el Taller de Enseñanza e Investigación
de Plantas Hortícolas de la Facultad de Agronomía-UNAP, ubicada en el Km 3
carretera Zungarococha, al Sur de la ciudad de Iquitos, Distrito de San Juan
Bautista,cuyas coordenadas geográficas son: Latitud Sur 03º 46´ 13.2´´; Longitud
Oeste 73º 22´ 10.4´; Altitud: 126 msnm. El nivel de investigación fue explicativo
con una variable independiente (distanciamiento de siembra) y seis variables
dependientes (Numero de frutos/planta, largo de fruto, diámetro de fruto, peso de
fruto, numero de frutos/planta y peso de frutos/planta. El objetivo general fue
determinar la relación de los distanciamientos de siembra con las características
agronómicas y rendimiento de Momordica charantia L. “balsamina”, en
Zungarococha, Loreto.2019. El Diseño experimental que se empleo fue el de
Bloques Completamente al Azar, con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones.
Cada unidad experimental estuvo constituida de 2 filas, 4 plantas/fila y la unidad
de muestreo estuvo constituida por cuatro plantas/unidad experimental. Los
resultados demuestran, con relación al número de frutos/planta, que el T1 (1.5 m
x 1 m.) presento el mayor número de frutos (24) y tuvo significancia estadística
que los demás tratamientos estudiados; con respecto al largo de fruto, el T4 (3 m.
x 1 m.), presento el valor más alto con 31 cm. superando con significancia
estadística a los demás tratamientos; en relación al diámetro de fruto los
resultados obtenidos no tuvieron significancia estadística entre los tratamientos;
en cuanto al peso de fruto, el T4 con 363 g. supero significativamente a los demás
tratamientos estudiados; con respecto al peso de frutos/planta, el T1 alcanzo una
media de 7,176 g. superando significativamente a los demás tratamientos y en
relación al peso de frutos/ha, el T1 con 28,704 Kg/ha tuvo el mayor rendimiento
de peso de frutos/ha, superando estadísticamente en forma significativa a los
demás tratamientos estudiados.
The research work was developed in the Horticultural Plant Teaching and Research Workshop of the Faculty of Agronomy-UNAP, located at Km 3 Zungarococha highway, south of the city of Iquitos, District of San Juan Bautista, whose geographical coordinates are : South Latitude 03º 46´ 13.2´´; West Longitude 73º 22´ 10.4´; Altitude: 126 meters above sea level. The research level was explanatory with an independent variable (planting spacing) and six dependent variables (Number of fruits / plant, length of fruit, diameter of fruit, weight of fruit, number of fruits / plant and weight of fruits / plant. The general objective was to determine the relationship of the planting distances with the agronomic characteristics and yield of Momordica charantia L. “balsamina”, in Zungarococha, Loreto. 2019. The experimental design that was used was that of Completely Random Blocks, with four treatments and four replications. Each experimental unit consisted of 2 rows, 4 plants / row and the sampling unit consisted of four plants / experimental unit. The results show, in relation to the number of fruits / plant, that T1 (1.5 mx 1 m.) presented the highest number of fruits (24) and had statistical significance than the other treatments studied; with respect to fruit length, T4 (3 m. x 1 m.), presented nto the highest value with 31 cm. surpassing with statistical significance the other treatments; Regarding the diameter of the fruit, the results obtained did not have statistical significance between the treatments; Regarding the weight of fruit, the T4 with 363 g. it significantly outperformed the other treatments studied; Regarding the weight of fruits / plant, T1 reached an average of 7.176 g. significantly exceeding the other treatments and in relation to the weight of fruits / ha, the T1 with 28,704 Kg / ha had the highest yield of fruit weight / ha, statistically significantly exceeding the other treatments studied.
The research work was developed in the Horticultural Plant Teaching and Research Workshop of the Faculty of Agronomy-UNAP, located at Km 3 Zungarococha highway, south of the city of Iquitos, District of San Juan Bautista, whose geographical coordinates are : South Latitude 03º 46´ 13.2´´; West Longitude 73º 22´ 10.4´; Altitude: 126 meters above sea level. The research level was explanatory with an independent variable (planting spacing) and six dependent variables (Number of fruits / plant, length of fruit, diameter of fruit, weight of fruit, number of fruits / plant and weight of fruits / plant. The general objective was to determine the relationship of the planting distances with the agronomic characteristics and yield of Momordica charantia L. “balsamina”, in Zungarococha, Loreto. 2019. The experimental design that was used was that of Completely Random Blocks, with four treatments and four replications. Each experimental unit consisted of 2 rows, 4 plants / row and the sampling unit consisted of four plants / experimental unit. The results show, in relation to the number of fruits / plant, that T1 (1.5 mx 1 m.) presented the highest number of fruits (24) and had statistical significance than the other treatments studied; with respect to fruit length, T4 (3 m. x 1 m.), presented nto the highest value with 31 cm. surpassing with statistical significance the other treatments; Regarding the diameter of the fruit, the results obtained did not have statistical significance between the treatments; Regarding the weight of fruit, the T4 with 363 g. it significantly outperformed the other treatments studied; Regarding the weight of fruits / plant, T1 reached an average of 7.176 g. significantly exceeding the other treatments and in relation to the weight of fruits / ha, the T1 with 28,704 Kg / ha had the highest yield of fruit weight / ha, statistically significantly exceeding the other treatments studied.
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Siembra, Espaciamiento, Balsamina, Momordica charantia, Características agronómicas, Rendimiento de cultivos
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