Seguridad alimentaria y factores que afectan el estado nutricional en tiempos de Covid-19 de dos instituciones de asistencia social, Iquitos 2020
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Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
La presente investigación busco determinar si existe relación entre la seguridad
alimentaria, hábitos alimentarios, factores sociodemográficos con el estado
nutricional en las dos instituciones de asistencia social, el Centro Residencial del
Adulto Mayor “San Francisco de Asís” y la Comunidad Terapéutica “Talita Kumi” en
tiempos de COVID-19. El estudio fue de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo no experimental,
con diseño descriptivo, correlacional y de corte transversal, la población de estudio
comprendió el 100% de los albergados; 43 adultos mayores y 26 adultos que
cumplían con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión planteadas en este estudio. Para
la obtención de los datos se utilizaron instrumentos como ficha de evaluación
nutricional, encuesta de seguridad alimentaria, encuesta de hábitos alimentarios y de
factores sociodemográficos y psicosocial. El estudio se realizó mediante una
investigación estadística correlacional de los datos recolectados; aplicando la prueba
estadística de Tau-b de Kendall y el Coeficiente de correlación de Spearman.
Respecto a las correlaciones planteadas en esta investigación, se determinó que
existe una correlación estadísticamente significativa débil negativa a un nivel de
significancia según la prueba Tau-b de Kendall de 0.05 y con un (p = 0.000), entre la
seguridad alimentaria y el estado nutricional según el índice masa corporal (IMC) en
el centro residencial del adulto mayor “San Francisco de Asís”; Así mismo, se
demostró que no existe correlación estadísticamente significativa a un nivel de
significancia de 0.05 y con un (p = 0.814) en la comunidad terapéutica “Talita Kumi”
This research seeks to determine if there is a relationship between food security, eating habits, sociodemographic factors and nutritional status in the two social assistance institutions, the Residential Center for the Elderly "San Francisco de Asís" and the Therapeutic Community "Talita Kumi" in times of COVID-19. The study was of a non-experimental quantitative approach, with a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional design. The study population comprised 100% of those housed; 43 older adults and 26 adults who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria set out in this study. To obtain the data, instruments such as a nutritional assessment sheet, a food safety survey, a survey of eating habits and sociodemographic and psychosocial factors were used. The study was carried out through a correlational statistical investigation of the collected data; applying Kendall's Tau-b statistical test and Spearman's correlation coefficient. Regarding the correlations raised in this research, it was determined that there is a statistically significant weak negative correlation at a significance level according to Kendall's Tau-b test of 0.05 and with a (p = 0.000), between food security and state nutritional according to the body mass index (BMI) in the residential center for the elderly “San Francisco de Asís”; Likewise, it was shown that there is no statistically significant correlation at a significance level of 0.05 and with a (p = 0.814) in the therapeutic community "Talita Kumi"
This research seeks to determine if there is a relationship between food security, eating habits, sociodemographic factors and nutritional status in the two social assistance institutions, the Residential Center for the Elderly "San Francisco de Asís" and the Therapeutic Community "Talita Kumi" in times of COVID-19. The study was of a non-experimental quantitative approach, with a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional design. The study population comprised 100% of those housed; 43 older adults and 26 adults who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria set out in this study. To obtain the data, instruments such as a nutritional assessment sheet, a food safety survey, a survey of eating habits and sociodemographic and psychosocial factors were used. The study was carried out through a correlational statistical investigation of the collected data; applying Kendall's Tau-b statistical test and Spearman's correlation coefficient. Regarding the correlations raised in this research, it was determined that there is a statistically significant weak negative correlation at a significance level according to Kendall's Tau-b test of 0.05 and with a (p = 0.000), between food security and state nutritional according to the body mass index (BMI) in the residential center for the elderly “San Francisco de Asís”; Likewise, it was shown that there is no statistically significant correlation at a significance level of 0.05 and with a (p = 0.814) in the therapeutic community "Talita Kumi"
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Seguridad alimentaria, Factores de riesgo, Estado nutricional, Covid-19
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