Características clínico-epidemiológicas y de laboratorio asociadas al ingreso a unidad de cuidados críticos en pacientes pediátricos con dengue, Hospital Regional de Loreto, 2014-2019
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Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
La identificación de las características clínicas-epidemiológicas y
laboratoriales resultan de gran importancia, permitiendo identificar el
desarrollo de formas graves. Por ello el presente trabajo tiene por finalidad
determinar las características clínico-epidemiológicas y de laboratorio
asociadas al ingreso a unidad de cuidados críticos en pacientes pediátricos
con dengue, Hospital Regional de Loreto, 2014-2019. Se realizó un estudio
analítico en pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico confirmado de dengue.
Concluyendo que existe asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la
presencia de prurito (p=0,041), rash (p=0,010), astenia (p<0,001), congestión
nasal (p<0,001), aleteo nasal (p<0,001), tiraje intercostal (p<0,001), edema
generalizado (p<0,001), derrame pleural (p<0,001), derrame pericárdico
(p=0,002), hepatomegalia (p=0,030) y el ingreso a unidad de cuidados críticos.
Se observó que existe asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la
procedencia de una zona urbana (p<0,001), presentar una edad < 2años
(p=0,034) y el ingreso a unidad de cuidados críticos.
Respecto a las características de laboratorio se observó que no existe
diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los valores de leucocitos
(p=0,495), linfocitos (p=0,397), neutrófilos (p=0,250), recuento plaquetario
(p=0,259) y hematocrito (p=0,674) presentado por los pacientes
hospitalizados en unidad de cuidados críticos y los pacientes hospitalizados
en el servicio de pediatría (38 %). Los pacientes con un tiempo de enfermedad
≥ 4 días presentaron diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p=0,035) en el
recuento plaquetario presentado por los pacientes hospitalizados en unidad
de cuidados críticos (59920 / mm3 y los pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio
de pediatría (82381 / mm3).
The identification of the clinical-epidemiological and laboratory characteristics are of great importance, allowing to identify the development of severe forms. For this reason, the present work aims to determine the clinicalepidemiological and laboratory characteristics associated with admission to a critical care unit in pediatric patients with dengue, Hospital Regional de Loreto, 2014-2019. An analytical study was carried out in pediatric patients with a confirmed diagnosis of dengue. Concluding that there is a statistically significant association between the presence of pruritus (p = 0.041), rash (p= 0.010), asthenia (p <0.001), nasal congestion (p <0.001), nasal flutter (p <0.001), intercostal pull p <0.001), generalized edema (p <0.001), pleural effusion (p <0.001), pericardial effusion (p = 0.002), hepatomegaly (p = 0.030) and admission to a critical care unit. It was observed that there is a statistically significant association between coming from an urban area (p <0.001), having an age <2 years (p = 0.034) and admission to a critical care unit. Regarding the laboratory characteristics, it was observed that there is no statistically significant difference between the values of leukocytes (p = 0.495), lymphocytes (p = 0.397), neutrophils (p = 0.250), platelet count (p = 0.259) and hematocrit (p = 0.674) presented by patients hospitalized in the critical care unit and patients hospitalized in the pediatric service (38%). Patients with a time of illness ≥ 4 days presented a statistically significant difference (p = 0.035) in the platelet count presented by patients hospitalized in the critical care unit (59,920 / mm3 and patients hospitalized in the pediatric service (82,381 / mm3).
The identification of the clinical-epidemiological and laboratory characteristics are of great importance, allowing to identify the development of severe forms. For this reason, the present work aims to determine the clinicalepidemiological and laboratory characteristics associated with admission to a critical care unit in pediatric patients with dengue, Hospital Regional de Loreto, 2014-2019. An analytical study was carried out in pediatric patients with a confirmed diagnosis of dengue. Concluding that there is a statistically significant association between the presence of pruritus (p = 0.041), rash (p= 0.010), asthenia (p <0.001), nasal congestion (p <0.001), nasal flutter (p <0.001), intercostal pull p <0.001), generalized edema (p <0.001), pleural effusion (p <0.001), pericardial effusion (p = 0.002), hepatomegaly (p = 0.030) and admission to a critical care unit. It was observed that there is a statistically significant association between coming from an urban area (p <0.001), having an age <2 years (p = 0.034) and admission to a critical care unit. Regarding the laboratory characteristics, it was observed that there is no statistically significant difference between the values of leukocytes (p = 0.495), lymphocytes (p = 0.397), neutrophils (p = 0.250), platelet count (p = 0.259) and hematocrit (p = 0.674) presented by patients hospitalized in the critical care unit and patients hospitalized in the pediatric service (38%). Patients with a time of illness ≥ 4 days presented a statistically significant difference (p = 0.035) in the platelet count presented by patients hospitalized in the critical care unit (59,920 / mm3 and patients hospitalized in the pediatric service (82,381 / mm3).
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Dengue, Diagnóstico clínico, Factores epidemiológicos, Pediatría
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