Criterios adoptados por las fiscalías penales de Maynas para la determinación punitiva en casos de tentativa durante 2022–2023
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Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
El presente trabajo perfila como problema general qué criterios se adoptaron en las Fiscales Penales de Maynas, durante el periodo 2022 – 2023, para la identificación de la pena ante la tentativa como causal de disminución de punibilidad. Siendo el objetivo general conocer los criterios que se emplearon en los años 2022 – 2023, en las Fiscales Penales de Maynas, para la dosificación de la pena cuando concurre la tentativa como causal de disminución de punibilidad. El tipo de investigación fue básica, por cuanto el estudio se proyectó adquirir mayor conocimiento sobre un tema jurídico, como el precisado, atendiendo que la legislación penal otorga un tratamiento abstracto en cuanto al efecto cuantitativo de la tentativa en la pena, en tanto que la jurisprudencia no es uniforme en la línea de razonamiento sobre dicho contexto. El enfoque metodológico fue cuantitativo, porque fue necesario mediar las variables materia de estudio. La investigación perfiló un diseño no experimental, debido a que no hubo manipulación de las variables, fundamentándose la investigación en la observación y descripción de las variables, para analizar su relación en un contexto determinado. Se ha determinado que, en dichas Fiscales Penales, periodo 2022 – 2023, ante el escenario procesal de dosificación punitiva en delitos en grado de tentativa, hubo determinación de la pena en función a criterios discrecionales, ya sea porque se definió la pena concreta dentro del marco punitivo abstracto, en otros casos se redujo la pena discrecionalmente por debajo del mínimo legal y también se redujo la pena en una tercera parte.
This research work addresses as a general problem whether, in proceedings for the crime of aggravated robbery, the Criminal Prosecutors of Maynas, during the period 2021 - 2022, individualize the specific sentence over the imposed sentence for the crime of simple robbery, in accordance with the principle of proportionality developed in the judgment of file No. 00413-2021 PHC / TC (2021). The general objective is to determine whether, in such proceedings, the accusations were formulated by said Criminal Prosecutors' Offices in accordance with the constitutional pronouncement, in order to determine the sentence for the crime of aggravated robbery, based on the imposed sentence corresponding to the crime of simple robbery, in order to guarantee the principle of proportionality. The research was of an applied type, because it sought means to help solve a problem, focused on a current situation and specific context; the methodological approach was quantitative, considering that the proof of the hypothesis required the measurement and descriptive statistics of the variables; The research was correlational in nature, as information was collected and the link between the study variables was determined. The hypothetical-deductive method was used because a response to the problem posed was postulated in advance by formulating hypotheses that were accepted as true. It has been determined that, during the 2021-2022 period, the Maynas Criminal Prosecutor's Office filed charges for the crime of aggravated robbery, and the specific sentence was determined based on the imposed sentence for said crime. This disregarded the principle of proportionality developed by the Constitutional Court in the ruling issued in file no. 00413-2021-PHC/TC (2021).
This research work addresses as a general problem whether, in proceedings for the crime of aggravated robbery, the Criminal Prosecutors of Maynas, during the period 2021 - 2022, individualize the specific sentence over the imposed sentence for the crime of simple robbery, in accordance with the principle of proportionality developed in the judgment of file No. 00413-2021 PHC / TC (2021). The general objective is to determine whether, in such proceedings, the accusations were formulated by said Criminal Prosecutors' Offices in accordance with the constitutional pronouncement, in order to determine the sentence for the crime of aggravated robbery, based on the imposed sentence corresponding to the crime of simple robbery, in order to guarantee the principle of proportionality. The research was of an applied type, because it sought means to help solve a problem, focused on a current situation and specific context; the methodological approach was quantitative, considering that the proof of the hypothesis required the measurement and descriptive statistics of the variables; The research was correlational in nature, as information was collected and the link between the study variables was determined. The hypothetical-deductive method was used because a response to the problem posed was postulated in advance by formulating hypotheses that were accepted as true. It has been determined that, during the 2021-2022 period, the Maynas Criminal Prosecutor's Office filed charges for the crime of aggravated robbery, and the specific sentence was determined based on the imposed sentence for said crime. This disregarded the principle of proportionality developed by the Constitutional Court in the ruling issued in file no. 00413-2021-PHC/TC (2021).
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