Factores psicosociales, familiares y pensamiento suicida en estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Túpac Amaru, Iquitos 2018
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Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre los factores
psicosociales, familiares y el pensamiento suicida, en los estudiantes adolescentes
del 3° al 5° grado de educación secundaria, de la institución educativa Túpac
Amaru, Iquitos 2018. Se empleó el método cuantitativo, tipo de investigación
descriptivo-transversal, diseño no experimental, correlacional. La muestra estuvo
constituida por 131 estudiantes. Los instrumentos fueron: Escala de
autoevaluación de Depresión de Zung, cuestionario sobre Bullying en
adolescentes, Escala de víctima de violencia familiar, Test de percepción del
funcionamiento familiar y Escala de ideación suicida de Beck. El programa
estadístico fue el SPSS, versión 22 para Windows XP, nivel de confianza de 95%
y de significancia de 0,05 (α <0,05). Para comprobar la hipótesis, se utilizó las
pruebas estadísticas no paramétricas de Chi-cuadrado (X2) y Coeficiente de
Correlación (CC). Los resultados mostraron asociación estadística significativa
entre : depresión y pensamiento suicida (p=0,000; < α = 0,05), Bullying y
pensamiento suicida (p=0,000; < α = 0,05), maltrato familiar y pensamiento
suicida (p=0,015; < α=0,05); lo que permitió aceptar la hipótesis de investigación
en la que existe relación estadísticamente significativa entre factores psicosociales
y familiares y pensamiento suicida en adolescentes pero no se encontró asociación
estadística significativa entre funcionamiento familiar y pensamiento suicida
(p=0,781; > α = 0,05). Con estos hallazgos se podrá intervenir y evitar el
incremento del pensamiento suicida en adolescentes.
The objective of the research was to determine the relationship between psychosocial factors, family and suicidal thinking in adolescent students from 3rd to 5th grade of secondary education at the educational institution Túpac Amaru, Iquitos 2018. The quantitative method was used, type of transversedescriptive research, non-experimental design, correlational. The sample consisted of 131 students. The instruments were: Zung Depression Self- Assessment Scale, Adolescent Bullying Questionnaire, Family Violence Victim Scale, Family Functioning Perception Test and Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale. The statistical program was SPSS, version 22 for Windows XP, 95% confidence level and 0.05 significance (α <0.05). To test the hypothesis, the non-parametric statistical tests of Chi-square (X2) and Correlation Coefficient (CC) were used. The results showed significant statistical association between : (p=0,000; < α = 0,05), Bullying and suicidal thinking (p=0,000; < α = 0,05), family abuse and suicidal thinking (p=0,015; < α=0,05); which allowed accepting the research hypothesis in which there is a statistically significant relationship between psychosocial and family factors and suicidal thinking in adolescents but no significant statistical association was found between family functioning and suicidal thinking (p=0,781; > α = 0,05). With these findings it will be possible to intervene and avoid the increase of suicidal thinking in adolescents.
The objective of the research was to determine the relationship between psychosocial factors, family and suicidal thinking in adolescent students from 3rd to 5th grade of secondary education at the educational institution Túpac Amaru, Iquitos 2018. The quantitative method was used, type of transversedescriptive research, non-experimental design, correlational. The sample consisted of 131 students. The instruments were: Zung Depression Self- Assessment Scale, Adolescent Bullying Questionnaire, Family Violence Victim Scale, Family Functioning Perception Test and Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale. The statistical program was SPSS, version 22 for Windows XP, 95% confidence level and 0.05 significance (α <0.05). To test the hypothesis, the non-parametric statistical tests of Chi-square (X2) and Correlation Coefficient (CC) were used. The results showed significant statistical association between : (p=0,000; < α = 0,05), Bullying and suicidal thinking (p=0,000; < α = 0,05), family abuse and suicidal thinking (p=0,015; < α=0,05); which allowed accepting the research hypothesis in which there is a statistically significant relationship between psychosocial and family factors and suicidal thinking in adolescents but no significant statistical association was found between family functioning and suicidal thinking (p=0,781; > α = 0,05). With these findings it will be possible to intervene and avoid the increase of suicidal thinking in adolescents.
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Factores psicológicos, Factores sociales, Ideas suicidas, Alumnos de secundaria, Escuelas públicas
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