Evaluación de biocoagulantes naturales para reducir la turbidez en efluentes cárnicos del camal municipal – Iquitos 2025
Loading...
Date
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
El presente estudio evaluó la eficiencia de biocoagulantes naturales en la reducción de turbidez de efluentes cárnicos generados en el camal municipal de Iquitos. Se utilizaron Moringa oleifera y Opuntia ficus-indica, aplicados tanto individualmente como en mezclas en diferentes proporciones, mediante la técnica de Test de Jarras. El diseño experimental consideró seis tratamientos con tres repeticiones cada uno, empleando 250 mL de muestra, una dosis fija de 1 g de biocoagulante, 100 rpm de agitación rápida en 5 minutos, seguida de 20 rpm de agitación lenta en 20 minutos y con un tiempo de sedimentación de 30 minutos. Los resultados evidenciaron que Moringa oleifera se obtuvieron la mayor eficiencia, con una reducción de turbidez del 90.80 %, mientras que Opuntia ficus-indica mostró un desempeño más limitado, con una remoción del 31,90 %. Las mezclas de ambos biocoagulantes lograron eficiencias intermedias, siendo la combinación de 0,75 g de Moringa y 0,25 g de Opuntia la más efectiva, con una reducción de turbidez del 82 %. El análisis estadístico (ANOVA y prueba de Tukey) confirmó diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos, determinando que el uso de Moringa oleifera en forma individual es la alternativa más eficaz para la clarificación de aguas residuales de camal. En conclusión, los biocoagulantes evaluados constituyen una opción sostenible y de bajo impacto ambiental para el tratamiento primario de efluentes, con potencial de implementación en la gestión de aguas residuales municipales.
This study evaluated the efficiency of natural biocoagulants in reducing turbidity from slaughterhouse effluents at the municipal slaughterhouse of Iquitos. Moringa oleifera and Opuntia ficus-indica were tested individually and in different mixing proportions using the Jar Test technique. The experimental design included six treatments with three replications each, using 250 mL of sample, a fixed dose of 1 g of biocoagulant, rapid mixing at 100 rpm for 5 minutes, followed by slow mixing at 20 rpm for 20 minutes, and a settling time of 30 minutes. The results showed that Moringa oleifera achieved the highest efficiency, with a turbidity reduction of 91 %, while Opuntia ficus-indica exhibited a lower performance, with an average reduction of approximately 32 %. Mixed treatments displayed intermediate efficiencies, with the combination of 0.75 g of Moringa and 0.25 g of Opuntia being the most effective, achieving a turbidity reduction of 82 %. Statistical analysis (ANOVA and Tukey test) confirmed significant differences among treatments, establishing that Moringa oleifera alone is the most effective alternative for clarifying slaughterhouse wastewater. In conclusion, the tested biocoagulants represent a sustainable and environmentally friendly option for the primary treatment of slaughterhouse effluents, with promising potential for municipal wastewater management.
This study evaluated the efficiency of natural biocoagulants in reducing turbidity from slaughterhouse effluents at the municipal slaughterhouse of Iquitos. Moringa oleifera and Opuntia ficus-indica were tested individually and in different mixing proportions using the Jar Test technique. The experimental design included six treatments with three replications each, using 250 mL of sample, a fixed dose of 1 g of biocoagulant, rapid mixing at 100 rpm for 5 minutes, followed by slow mixing at 20 rpm for 20 minutes, and a settling time of 30 minutes. The results showed that Moringa oleifera achieved the highest efficiency, with a turbidity reduction of 91 %, while Opuntia ficus-indica exhibited a lower performance, with an average reduction of approximately 32 %. Mixed treatments displayed intermediate efficiencies, with the combination of 0.75 g of Moringa and 0.25 g of Opuntia being the most effective, achieving a turbidity reduction of 82 %. Statistical analysis (ANOVA and Tukey test) confirmed significant differences among treatments, establishing that Moringa oleifera alone is the most effective alternative for clarifying slaughterhouse wastewater. In conclusion, the tested biocoagulants represent a sustainable and environmentally friendly option for the primary treatment of slaughterhouse effluents, with promising potential for municipal wastewater management.
Description
Citation
Collections
Endorsement
Review
Supplemented By
Referenced By
Creative Commons license
Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

