Tipología multitemporal de infracciones ambientales y acciones de fiscalización en maynas. Loreto, 2025
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Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
La investigación es de tipo aplicada y aborda una problemática concreta de gestión ambiental urbana mediante el análisis histórico de infracciones ambientales y acciones de fiscalización municipal registradas por la Municipalidad Provincial de Maynas entre 2021 y 2024. Se emplea un enfoque cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo y un diseño no experimental, longitudinal retrospectivo, documental y transversal multitemporal. La muestra corresponde al censo total de registros oficiales procedentes del área de Fiscalización Ambiental y de expedientes remitidos por el OEFA, los cuales fueron organizados en una base de datos digital según variables como tipo de infracción, ubicación, tipo de fiscalización y resultado administrativo. Los hallazgos indican que las denuncias se concentraron principalmente en Iquitos, evidenciando una mayor incidencia de afectaciones en zonas urbanas densamente pobladas. Las infracciones relacionadas con residuos sólidos y ruido fueron las más frecuentes y constituyen los principales desafíos ambientales del periodo analizado. En contraste, otras categorías de infracción mostraron menor recurrencia. La gestión municipal mostró eficiencia entre 2021 y 2023, pero en 2024 aumentaron los casos pendientes, especialmente aquellos vinculados al manejo de residuos, reflejando una disminución en la capacidad de cierre administrativo. Los resultados destacan la necesidad de fortalecer los procesos de atención y seguimiento de expedientes para mejorar la eficacia institucional.
This applied research addresses a specific urban environmental management problem through a historical analysis of environmental infractions and municipal enforcement actions recorded by the Provincial Municipality of Maynas between 2021 and 2024. It employs a quantitative approach, a descriptive level, and a non experimental, longitudinal, retrospective, documentary, and cross-sectional multi temporal design. The sample comprises the complete census of official records from the Environmental Enforcement area and files submitted by the OEFA (Environmental Assessment and Enforcement Agency), which were organized in a digital database according to variables such as type of infraction, location, type of enforcement, and administrative outcome. The findings indicate that complaints were concentrated primarily in Iquitos, demonstrating a higher incidence of environmental impacts in densely populated urban areas. Infractions related to solid waste and noise were the most frequent and constitute the main environmental challenges of the period analyzed. In contrast, other infraction categories showed lower recurrence. Municipal management demonstrated efficiency between 2021 and 2023, but in 2024, pending cases increased, especially those related to waste management, reflecting a decrease in the capacity for administrative closure. The results highlight the need to strengthen the processes for handling and monitoring cases to improve institutional effectiveness.
This applied research addresses a specific urban environmental management problem through a historical analysis of environmental infractions and municipal enforcement actions recorded by the Provincial Municipality of Maynas between 2021 and 2024. It employs a quantitative approach, a descriptive level, and a non experimental, longitudinal, retrospective, documentary, and cross-sectional multi temporal design. The sample comprises the complete census of official records from the Environmental Enforcement area and files submitted by the OEFA (Environmental Assessment and Enforcement Agency), which were organized in a digital database according to variables such as type of infraction, location, type of enforcement, and administrative outcome. The findings indicate that complaints were concentrated primarily in Iquitos, demonstrating a higher incidence of environmental impacts in densely populated urban areas. Infractions related to solid waste and noise were the most frequent and constitute the main environmental challenges of the period analyzed. In contrast, other infraction categories showed lower recurrence. Municipal management demonstrated efficiency between 2021 and 2023, but in 2024, pending cases increased, especially those related to waste management, reflecting a decrease in the capacity for administrative closure. The results highlight the need to strengthen the processes for handling and monitoring cases to improve institutional effectiveness.
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