Liquidez y rentabilidad de las Cajas Municipales del Perú periodo 2019 – 2024
Loading...
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
La presente investigación describe el comportamiento de los indicadores de liquidez y rentabilidad en las Cajas Municipales del Perú durante el periodo 2019–2024, a partir del análisis de datos financieros oficiales de la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP (SBS). Se desarrolló un estudio descriptivo de enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental y longitudinal, evaluando los indicadores de liquidez corriente, prueba ácida, rentabilidad sobre el patrimonio (ROE) y rentabilidad sobre los activos (ROA). Los resultados revelaron un comportamiento cíclico: estabilidad en 2019, contracción en 2020 por los efectos de la pandemia y recuperación sostenida entre 2021 y 2024. Se evidenció que mayores niveles de liquidez no necesariamente generan una mayor rentabilidad, especialmente en contextos de sobreliquidez o contracción crediticia. Las Cajas Arequipa, Huancayo y Piura presentaron los mejores resultados, mientras que entidades de menor escala como Maynas y Paita mostraron mayor volatilidad. La disolución de la Caja Sullana en 2024 puso de manifiesto la persistencia de debilidades en la gestión del riesgo y la necesidad de fortalecer la supervisión prudencial. Se concluye que la sostenibilidad del sistema microfinanciero depende de una gestión eficiente del riesgo crediticio, la innovación tecnológica y la gobernanza institucional.
This research describes the behavior of liquidity and profitability indicators in the Municipal Savings and Credit Banks (Cajas Municipales) of Peru during the period 2019–2024, based on official financial data from the Superintendence of Banking, Insurance and AFP (SBS). A descriptive, quantitative, non-experimental, and longitudinal study was conducted, evaluating the current liquidity ratio, acid test, return on equity (ROE), and return on assets (ROA). The results revealed a cyclical behavior: stability in 2019, contraction in 2020 due to the effects of the pandemic, and sustained recovery between 2021 and 2024. It was found that higher liquidity levels do not necessarily lead to higher profitability, especially in contexts of overliquidity or credit contraction. The Arequipa, Huancayo, and Piura Cajas achieved the best results, while smaller entities such as Maynas and Paita showed greater volatility. The dissolution of Caja Sullana in 2024 highlighted persistent weaknesses in risk management and the need to strengthen prudential supervision. It is concluded that the sustainability of the microfinance system depends on efficient credit risk management, technological innovation, and institutional governance.
This research describes the behavior of liquidity and profitability indicators in the Municipal Savings and Credit Banks (Cajas Municipales) of Peru during the period 2019–2024, based on official financial data from the Superintendence of Banking, Insurance and AFP (SBS). A descriptive, quantitative, non-experimental, and longitudinal study was conducted, evaluating the current liquidity ratio, acid test, return on equity (ROE), and return on assets (ROA). The results revealed a cyclical behavior: stability in 2019, contraction in 2020 due to the effects of the pandemic, and sustained recovery between 2021 and 2024. It was found that higher liquidity levels do not necessarily lead to higher profitability, especially in contexts of overliquidity or credit contraction. The Arequipa, Huancayo, and Piura Cajas achieved the best results, while smaller entities such as Maynas and Paita showed greater volatility. The dissolution of Caja Sullana in 2024 highlighted persistent weaknesses in risk management and the need to strengthen prudential supervision. It is concluded that the sustainability of the microfinance system depends on efficient credit risk management, technological innovation, and institutional governance.
Description
Keywords
Citation
Collections
Endorsement
Review
Supplemented By
Referenced By
Creative Commons license
Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

