Grado de Información y Prácticas de Autocuidado el paciente con enfermedad Renal Crónica del Hospital Regional de Loreto - 2017
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Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
Abstract
El presente estudio de investigación se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la
relación que existe entre el grado de información y la práctica de autocuidado del
paciente con enfermedad renal crónica de la unidad de hemodiálisis del Hospital
Regional de Loreto del año 2017. El método empleado fue el cuantitativo; diseño
no experimental tipo descriptivo y transversal. La población accesible estuvo
conformada por 74 pacientes que reciben tratamiento de hemodiálisis, de los
cuales 66 fueron seleccionados para la muestra. Los instrumentos utilizados
fueron: cuestionario de 15 preguntas para medir el grado de información
relacionado a las prácticas de autocuidado, a través de juicio de expertos, se
obtuvo una validez de 97,6% y una confiabilidad de 94,2%, la lista de cotejo se
utilizó para medir las prácticas de autocuidado con 40 items cuya validez fue
93,3% y confiabilidad de 96,5%. Los datos se analizaron a través del paquete
estadístico SPSS versión 22 para un entorno de Windows XP; se utilizó la prueba
estadística de Chi-cuadrado (X2), con un nivel de significancia de = 0.05. Entre
los hallazgos más importantes sobre grado de información tenemos: el 54,6 % de
pacientes tuvieron conocimiento intermedio y respecto a las prácticas de
autocuidado el 71,2% realizaron prácticas inadecuadas. Así mismo al relacionar
las variables se confirmó la hipótesis planteada, el grado de información y
prácticas der autocuidado están relacionas en los pacientes con enfermedad renal
crónica de la unidad de hemodiálisis según la prueba de Chi-cuadrado, con un X2
= 28,118; p = 0.000 y = 0.05.
The present research study was carried out with the objective of determining the relationship between the degree of information and the self-care practice of the patient with chronic kidney disease of the hemodialysis unit of the Regional Hospital of Loreto in 2017. The method used was the quantitative one; nonexperimental design, descriptive and transversal type. The accessible population consisted of 74 patients receiving hemodialysis treatment, of which 66 were selected for the sample. The instruments used were: Questionnaire of 15 questions to measure the Degree of Information related to Self-care Practices, through Expert Judgment, 97.6% validity and 94.2% reliability were obtained, the List of Collation was used to measure Self-care Practices with 40 items whose validity was 93.3% and reliability of 96.5%. The data was analyzed through the statistical package SPSS version 22 for a Windows XP environment; Pearson's Chi-square statistical test (X2) was used, with a level of significance of = 0.05. Among the most important findings on the degree of information we have: 54.6% of patients had intermediate knowledge and regarding self-care practices 71.2% performed inadequate practices. Likewise when relating the variables the hypothesis was confirmed, the degree of information and self-care practices are related in the patients with chronic kidney disease of the hemodialysis unit according to the Chi-square test X2 = 28,118, p = 0.000 and = 0.05.
The present research study was carried out with the objective of determining the relationship between the degree of information and the self-care practice of the patient with chronic kidney disease of the hemodialysis unit of the Regional Hospital of Loreto in 2017. The method used was the quantitative one; nonexperimental design, descriptive and transversal type. The accessible population consisted of 74 patients receiving hemodialysis treatment, of which 66 were selected for the sample. The instruments used were: Questionnaire of 15 questions to measure the Degree of Information related to Self-care Practices, through Expert Judgment, 97.6% validity and 94.2% reliability were obtained, the List of Collation was used to measure Self-care Practices with 40 items whose validity was 93.3% and reliability of 96.5%. The data was analyzed through the statistical package SPSS version 22 for a Windows XP environment; Pearson's Chi-square statistical test (X2) was used, with a level of significance of = 0.05. Among the most important findings on the degree of information we have: 54.6% of patients had intermediate knowledge and regarding self-care practices 71.2% performed inadequate practices. Likewise when relating the variables the hypothesis was confirmed, the degree of information and self-care practices are related in the patients with chronic kidney disease of the hemodialysis unit according to the Chi-square test X2 = 28,118, p = 0.000 and = 0.05.
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Autocuidado, Enfermedad renal crónica, Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas
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